U.S. Army Maj. Gen. William L. Zana, Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA) commander, thanks the outgoing 403rd Civil Affairs Battalion (CAB) and welcomes the incoming 411th CAB during a transfer of responsibility ceremony at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, April 15, 2022. In support of U.S. Africa Command and CJTF-HOA, the 411th CAB now has responsibility for two civil affairs companies: Civil Affairs West Africa and Civil Affairs East Africa. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

U.S. Army Lt. Col. Adam Proctor, 403rd Civil Affairs Battalion (CAB) commander and outgoing commander of Civil Affairs East and West Africa, thanks his Soldiers and welcomes the 411th CAB during a transfer of responsibility ceremony at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, April 15, 2022. In support of U.S. Africa Command and Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa, the 411th CAB now has responsibility for two civil affairs companies: Civil Affairs West Africa and Civil Affairs East Africa. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

U.S. Army Lt. Col. Nathan Bech, 411th Civil Affairs Battalion (CAB) commander and incoming commander of Civil Affairs East and West Africa, thanks his Soldiers and welcomes the 411th CAB during a transfer of responsibility ceremony at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, April 15, 2022. In support of U.S. Africa Command and Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa, the 411th CAB now has responsibility for two civil affairs companies: Civil Affairs West Africa and Civil Affairs East Africa. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

U.S. Army Maj. Gen. William L. Zana, Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA) commander, thanks the outgoing 403rd Civil Affairs Battalion (CAB) and welcomes the incoming 411th CAB during a transfer of responsibility ceremony at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, April 15, 2022. In support of U.S. Africa Command and CJTF-HOA, the 411th CAB now has responsibility for two civil affairs companies: Civil Affairs West Africa and Civil Affairs East Africa. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

Soldiers with the 411th Civil Affairs Battalion (CAB) stand in formation during a transfer of responsibility ceremony at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, April 15, 2022. In support of U.S. Africa Command and Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa, the 411th CAB now has responsibility for two civil affairs companies: Civil Affairs West Africa and Civil Affairs East Africa. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

U.S. Air Force Tech. Sgt. Roy Wollgast, an 82nd Expeditionary Rescue Squadron survival, evasion, resistance and escape specialist, performs a rope climb during a pre-assessment to prepare them for the French Desert Commando Course (FDCC), Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, April 7, 2022. Since 2015, the French Forces stationed in Djibouti (FFDJ) have invited U.S. service members with Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa to participate in the course. During the FDCC, the members are evaluated on mountain confidence, knot tying, night obstacle courses, aquatic obstacle courses, and battle maneuver tactics as well as presented with physical challenges. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

Virginia Army National Guard Soldiers assigned to Task Force Red Dragon, Combined Joint Force – Horn of Africa, and other CJTF-HOA members perform swimming drills during a pre-assessment to prepare them for the French Desert Commando Course (FDCC), Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, April 7, 2022. During the FDCC, U.S. forces serve under a French battalion commander and are evaluated on mountain confidence, knot tying, night obstacle courses, aquatic obstacle courses, battle maneuver tactics as well as physical challenges. For seven years, since 2015, the French Armed Forces stationed out of Djibouti have invited U.S. service members with CJTF-HOA to participate in the competition. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

Members of the Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa perform timed push-ups during a pre-assessment to prepare them for the French Desert Commando Course (FDCC), Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, April 7, 2022. Since 2015, the French Forces stationed in Djibouti (FFDJ) have invited U.S. service members with CJTF-HOA to participate in the course. During the FDCC, the members are evaluated on mountain confidence, knot tying, night obstacle courses, aquatic obstacle courses, and battle maneuver tactics as well as presented with physical challenges. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

U.S. Air Force Tech. Sgt. Matthew O’Brien, an 82nd Expeditionary Rescue Squadron survival, evasion, resistance and escape specialist, performs timed push-ups during a pre-assessment to prepare them for the French Desert Commando Course (FDCC), Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, April 5, 2022. Since 2015, the French Forces stationed in Djibouti (FFDJ) have invited U.S. service members with Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa to participate in the course. During the FDCC, the members are evaluated on mountain confidence, knot tying, night obstacle courses, aquatic obstacle courses, and battle maneuver tactics as well as presented with physical challenges. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

U.S. Air Force Tech. Sgt. Roy Wollgast, an 82nd Expeditionary Rescue Squadron survival, evasion, resistance and escape specialist, performs timed sit-ups during a pre-assessment to prepare them for the French Desert Commando Course (FDCC), Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, April 5, 2022. Since 2015, the French Forces stationed in Djibouti (FFDJ) have invited U.S. service members with CJTF-HOA to participate in the course. During the FDCC, the members are evaluated on mountain confidence, knot tying, night obstacle courses, aquatic obstacle courses, and battle maneuver tactics as well as presented with physical challenges. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

U.S. service members with Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa and other units here participate in a Norwegian Foot March, an 18.6-mile march conducted while carrying a 25-pound rucksack, at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, March 25, 2022. The foot march originated in 1915 as a test of endurance for Norwegian military soldiers, with the strategic goal of moving larger units of troops over a great distance swiftly and in a manner that enabled them to be combat ready after a lengthy march carrying a rucksack and weaponry. Those who complete the Norwegian Foot March, or Marsjmerket, earn a Norwegian armed forces skill badge. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

U.S. service members with Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa and other units here participate in a Norwegian Foot March, an 18.6-mile march conducted while carrying a 25-pound rucksack, at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, March 25, 2022. The foot march originated in 1915 as a test of endurance for Norwegian military soldiers, with the strategic goal of moving larger units of troops over a great distance swiftly and in a manner that enabled them to be combat ready after a lengthy march carrying a rucksack and weaponry. Those who complete the Norwegian Foot March, or Marsjmerket, earn a Norwegian armed forces skill badge. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

U.S. service members with Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa and other units here participate in a Norwegian Foot March, an 18.6-mile march conducted while carrying a 25-pound rucksack, at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, March 25, 2022. The foot march originated in 1915 as a test of endurance for Norwegian military soldiers, with the strategic goal of moving larger units of troops over a great distance swiftly and in a manner that enabled them to be combat ready after a lengthy march carrying a rucksack and weaponry. Those who complete the Norwegian Foot March, or Marsjmerket, earn a Norwegian armed forces skill badge. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

U.S. service members with Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa and other units here participate in a Norwegian Foot March, an 18.6-mile march conducted while carrying a 25-pound rucksack, at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, March 25, 2022. The foot march originated in 1915 as a test of endurance for Norwegian military soldiers, with the strategic goal of moving larger units of troops over a great distance swiftly and in a manner that enabled them to be combat ready after a lengthy march carrying a rucksack and weaponry. Those who complete the Norwegian Foot March, or Marsjmerket, earn a Norwegian armed forces skill badge. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

U.S. service members with Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa and other units here participate in a Norwegian Foot March, an 18.6-mile march conducted while carrying a 25-pound rucksack, at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, March 25, 2022. The foot march originated in 1915 as a test of endurance for Norwegian military soldiers, with the strategic goal of moving larger units of troops over a great distance swiftly and in a manner that enabled them to be combat ready after a lengthy march carrying a rucksack and weaponry. Those who complete the Norwegian Foot March, or Marsjmerket, earn a Norwegian armed forces skill badge. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

A French Air Force Dassault Mirage 2000 receives fuel from a KC-130J assigned to Marine Aerial Refueler Transport Squadron 352 (VMGR-352) over Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, March 24, 2022. The U.S.-French partnership in Africa is based upon mutual security interests and shared values of democracy, individual liberty, and rule of law. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Joel Pfiester)

U.S. Marine Corps Cpl. Ryan Frey, a loadmaster with the Marine Aerial Refueler Transport Squadron 352 (VMGR-352), prepares to take off aboard a KC-130J Super Hercules on Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, March 24, 2022. The aircraft participated in a formation flight alongside MV-22B Osprey tiltrotor aircraft assigned to Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 161 (VMM-161) and French Air Force Dassault Mirage 2000s. The U.S.-French partnership in Africa is based upon mutual security interests and shared values of democracy, individual liberty, and rule of law. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Joel Pfiester)

An MV-22B Osprey tiltrotor aircraft from Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 161 (VMM-161), prepares to receive fuel from a KC-130J assigned to Marine Air Refueler Transport Squadron-352 (VMGR-352) over Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, March 24, 2022. The Osprey and KC-130J aircraft participated in a formation flight alongside French Air Force Dassault Mirage 2000s. The U.S.-French partnership in Africa is based upon mutual security interests and shared values of democracy, individual liberty, and rule of law. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Joel Pfiester)

U.S. National Guard Soldiers assigned to Task Force Red Dragon, Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA), and members of the 2nd Foreign Parachute Regiment with the French Forces in Djibouti (FFDJ), participate in the opening of a new “combat village,” or Military Operations on Urbanized Terrain (MOUT) site, with a small-scale, joint training exercise at the French Base, Djibouti, March 22, 2022. CJTF-HOA, operating from Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, regularly trains with and works alongside allied and partner nations, coalition forces and interagency/intergovernmental organizations to achieve a unified effort in East Africa. (U.S. Army National Guard photo by Staff Sgt. Jeff Clements)

U.S. National Guard Soldiers assigned to Task Force Red Dragon, Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA), and members of the 2nd Foreign Parachute Regiment with the French Forces in Djibouti (FFDJ), participate in the opening of a new “combat village,” or Military Operations on Urbanized Terrain (MOUT) site, with a small-scale, joint training exercise at the French Base, Djibouti, March 22, 2022. CJTF-HOA, operating from Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, regularly trains with and works alongside allied and partner nations, coalition forces and interagency/intergovernmental organizations to achieve a unified effort in East Africa. (U.S. Army National Guard photo by Staff Sgt. Jeff Clements)

U.S. National Guard Soldiers assigned to Task Force Red Dragon, Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA), and members of the 2nd Foreign Parachute Regiment with the French Forces in Djibouti (FFDJ), participate in the opening of a new “combat village,” or Military Operations on Urbanized Terrain (MOUT) site, with a small-scale, joint training exercise at the French Base, Djibouti, March 22, 2022. CJTF-HOA, operating from Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, regularly trains with and works alongside allied and partner nations, coalition forces and interagency/intergovernmental organizations to achieve a unified effort in East Africa. (U.S. Army National Guard photo by Staff Sgt. Jeff Clements)

U.S. National Guard Soldiers assigned to Task Force Red Dragon, Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA), and members of the 2nd Foreign Parachute Regiment with the French Forces in Djibouti (FFDJ), participate in the opening of a new “combat village,” or Military Operations on Urbanized Terrain (MOUT) site, with a small-scale, joint training exercise at the French Base, Djibouti, March 22, 2022. CJTF-HOA, operating from Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, regularly trains with and works alongside allied and partner nations, coalition forces and interagency/intergovernmental organizations to achieve a unified effort in East Africa. (U.S. Army National Guard photo by Staff Sgt. Jeff Clements)

A French medical professional attends the Military Tropical Medicine Course at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, March 1, 2022. The course brought together joint and allied partners for tropical medical education. The course was designed to educate and train physicians, mid-level practitioners, nurses, medics and all other allied health. (U.S. Army photo by Spc. Kiersten Breunig)

Participants of the Military Tropical Medicine Course observe a presentation at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, March 1, 2022. The course brought together joint and allied partners for tropical medical education. The course was designed to educate and train physicians, mid-level practitioners, nurses, medics and all other allied health. (U.S. Army photo by Spc. Kiersten Breunig)

U.S. Army Sgt. Hannah Bodenbach, Combined Joint Task Force-Horn of Africa surgeon cell preventative medicine technician, takes notes during the Military Tropical Medicine Course at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, March 1, 2022. The course brought together joint and allied partners for tropical medical education. The course was designed to educate and train physicians, mid-level practitioners, nurses, medics and all other allied health professionals. (U.S. Army photo by Spc. Kiersten Breunig)

U.S. Army Civil Affairs Soldiers from the 353rd Civil Affairs Command Functional Specialty Veterinary Team and A Company, 403rd Civil Affairs Battalion, conduct a veterinary civic action program (VETCAP) with Djiboutians at Hindi, Djibouti, March 16, 2022. During the VETCAP, the 353rd CACOM Functional Specialty Veterinary Team and the 403rd CAB treated approximately 1,000 animals for internal parasites, provided multivitamin injections and sprayed them for ectoparasites. The efforts help improve the animals’ overall health and eventual food quality for the local populace. (U.S. Air Force photo by Tech. Sgt. Lynette M. Rolen)

Dr. Mahdi Osman, Djiboutian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries veterinarian, prepares to administer treatment to a goat during a veterinary civic action program (VETCAP) with Djiboutians at Hindi, Djibouti, March 16, 2022. Dr. Osman worked directly with U.S. Army Civil Affairs Soldiers from the 353rd Civil Affairs Command Functional Specialty Veterinary Team and A Company, 403rd Civil Affairs Battalion, treating approximately 1,000 animals for internal parasites, provided multivitamin injections and sprayed them for ectoparasites. The efforts help improve the animals’ overall health and eventual food quality for the local populace. (U.S. Air Force photo by Tech. Sgt. Lynette M. Rolen)

U.S. Army Sgt. Broghan Enright, 403rd Civil Affairs Battalion medic, fills a needle during a veterinary civic action program (VETCAP) at Hindi, Djibouti, March 16, 2022. U.S. Army Civil Affairs Soldiers from the 353rd Civil Affairs Command Functional Specialty Veterinary Team and A Company, 403rd CAB, treated approximately 1,000 animals for internal parasites, provided multivitamin injections and sprayed them for ectoparasites. The efforts help improve the animals’ overall health and eventual food quality for the local populace. (U.S. Air Force photo by Tech. Sgt. Lynette M. Rolen)

U.S. Army Staff Sgt. Chris Barksdale, a squad leader with the East Africa Response Force (EARF), Task Force Red Dragon, Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa, commands his team during Exercise WAKRI 22 at Grand Bara, Djibouti, March 15, 2022. Exercise WAKRI 22, the largest annual French-led exercise on the African continent, was spread out across Djibouti and provided realistic training for French Armed Forces air, ground and sea components alongside their U.S. Allies. The three-day exercise demonstrated how the U.S. and France train together to defend against threats, strengthening their collective security forces and promoting regional security, stability, and prosperity. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

U.S. Army Soldiers with the East Africa Response Force (EARF), Task Force Red Dragon, Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa, and French Forces in Djibouti (FFDJ) soldiers participate in Exercise WAKRI 22 at Grand Bara, Djibouti, March 14, 2022. Exercise WAKRI 22, the largest annual French-led exercise on the African continent, was spread out across Djibouti and provided realistic training for French Armed Forces air, ground and sea components alongside their U.S. Allies. The three-day exercise demonstrated how the U.S. and France train together to defend against threats, strengthening their collective security forces and promoting regional security, stability, and prosperity. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

Virginia Army National Guard Soldiers assigned to the East Africa Response Force (EARF), Task Force Red Dragon, Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa, participate in Exercise WAKRI 22 at Grand Bara, Djibouti, March 13, 2022. Exercise WAKRI 22, the largest annual French-led exercise on the African continent, was spread out across Djibouti and provided realistic training for French Armed Forces air, ground and sea components alongside their U.S. Allies. The three-day exercise demonstrated how the U.S. and France train together to defend against threats, strengthening their collective security forces and promoting regional security, stability, and prosperity. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

French Army Capt. Hugo, a French Forces in Djibouti (FFDJ) company commander, discusses mission planning with U.S. Army 1st Lt. Timothy VandeWater, a platoon leader with the East Africa Response Force (EARF), Task Force Red Dragon, Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa, during Exercise WAKRI 22 at Grand Bara, Djibouti, March 13, 2022. Exercise WAKRI 22, the largest annual French-led exercise on the African continent, was spread out across Djibouti and provided realistic training for French Armed Forces air, ground and sea components alongside their U.S. Allies. The three-day exercise demonstrated how the U.S. and France train together to defend against threats, strengthening their collective security forces and promoting regional security, stability, and prosperity. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

Soldiers with French Forces in Djibouti (FFDJ) scan the area of operations during Exercise WAKRI 22 at Arta Range, March 13, 2022. Exercise WAKRI 22, the largest annual French-led exercise on the African continent, was spread out across Djibouti and provided realistic training for French Armed Forces air, ground and sea components alongside their U.S. Allies. The three-day exercise demonstrated how the U.S. and France train together to defend against threats, strengthening their collective security forces and promoting regional security, stability, and prosperity. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

Soldiers with French Forces in Djibouti (FFDJ) participate in Exercise WAKRI 22 at Arta Range, March 13, 2022. Exercise WAKRI 22, the largest annual French-led exercise on the African continent, was spread out across Djibouti and provided realistic training for French Armed Forces air, ground and sea components alongside their U.S. Allies. The three-day exercise demonstrated how the U.S. and France train together to defend against threats, strengthening their collective security forces and promoting regional security, stability, and prosperity. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Blake Wiles)

Members of the 404th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade receive their combat patch, a military milestone earned while serving in hostile conditions, March 17, 2022. The 404th MEB Soldiers earned their patches while deployed to Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa, located at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, the only permanent military base on the African continent. (U.S. Air Force photo by Master Sgt. Cody H. Ramirez)

Maj. Gen. William Zana, commanding general of Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA), places newly earned combat patches, a military milestone earned while serving in hostile conditions, on members of the 404th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade, March 17, 2022. The 404th MEB Soldiers earned their patches while deployed to CJTF-HOA, located at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, the only permanent military base on the African continent. (U.S. Air Force photo by Master Sgt. Cody H. Ramirez)

U.S. Navy Reserve members with the Maritime Expeditionary Security Squadron 10 (MSRON 10), Joint Base Charleston, South Carolina, watch as members of the French Armed Forces begin the amphibious assault portion of French-led Joint Exercise WAKRI 22, Port Djibouti, Djibouti, March 13, 2021. French-U.S. partnership during the exercise demonstrates Allied interoperability capabilities in austere and complex locations. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Alysia Blake)

Members of the French Armed Forces head to shore during the amphibious assault portion of French-led Joint Exercise WAKRI 22, Port of Djibouti, Djibouti, March 13, 2022. French-U.S. partnership during the exercise demonstrates Allied interoperability capabilities in austere and complex locations. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Alysia Blake)

U.S. Navy Reserve members with the Maritime Expeditionary Security Squadron 10 (MSRON 10), Joint Base Charleston, South Carolina, prepare for the amphibious assault portion of French-led Joint Exercise WAKRI 22, Port Djibouti, Djibouti, March 13, 2021. French-U.S. partnership during the exercise demonstrates Allied interoperability capabilities in austere and complex locations. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Alysia Blake)

Members of the French Navy head to shore during the amphibious assault portion of French-led Joint Exercise WAKRI 22, Port of Djibouti, Djibouti, March 13, 2022. The WAKRI Exercise showcases the ability of U.S. forces to operate in conjunction with French forces, improving overall communication to assist in future missions. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Alysia Blake)